出师表
诸葛亮
3 chapters·9,508 characters·Classical Chinese · Public Domain
三国蜀诸葛亮著。诸葛亮出师征魏,以图中原,出师前上表于后主刘禅。表凡二上,故有前出师表、后出师表之谓。《前出师表》,劝诫后主发扬“先帝遗德”,用贤纳谏,刑赏无私,“亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人,远贤臣,此后汉所以倾颓也。”对宫中营中之事做了周密安排,反映了他无限的内顾之忧。《后出师表》,分析伐魏弱不胜敌,“然不伐贼王业亦亡”的危难形势,力陈“坐而待亡,孰与伐之”的道理。表中有“臣受命之日,寝不安席,食不甘味”,“臣鞠躬尽力,死而后已,至于成败利钝,非臣之明所能逆睹也”;前表亦有“臣受任于败军之际,奉命于危难之间”,“夙夜忧虑,恐付托不效,以伤先帝之明”等语句。表现了作者尽忠报国的赤诚之心。
Chapters (3)
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