王国维文存 · 王国维 · Chapter 111 of 140

元铜虎符跋

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元铜虎符跋

上虞罗氏藏铜牌一,上端文隐起作虎首,首下有孔,以便系佩。孔下蒙古字一行,两面同。余谓此即《元史》之虎符也。元之虎符,俗云“虎头牌”。汪元量《水云集·湖州歌》云:“文武官僚多二品,还乡尽带虎头牌。”

关汉卿《闺怨佳人拜月亭杂》剧云:“虎头儿金牌腰内悬。”则当时本谓之“牌”,不谓之“符”。雅言谓之“虎符”,名虽古,制则非矣。

往读《元史》,窃怪元人受虎符之赐者极多,乃无一传世者。今见此牌,并忆汪、关诗词语,可以知当时金、银诸符之制矣。

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